Metabolic and Structural Response of Bone to Whole-Body Vibration in Obesity and Sedentary Rat Models for Osteopenia

Nazar Kostyshy; Yu Kulyk; L Kostyshyn; M Gzhegotskyi

Nazar Kostyshy Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University
Yu Kulyk Department of Metal Physics, Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine
L Kostyshyn Department of Toxicological and Analytical Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
M Gzhegotskyi Department of Normal Physiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine

Keywords: bone remodeling, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, X-ray diffraction

Abstract

Background and aims:Several studies indicate that obesity is associated with increased bone mass due to excessive mechanical stress. However, these data are controversial, and the risk of fractures in this group is higher.Aim of the study was to investigate the effect of high-frequency whole body vibration on the process of bone remodeling in rats with sedentary lifestyle and obesity.

Material and method:To assess bone metabolism in rat blood plasma determined the levels of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. To quantify the loss of the bone mineral component used X-ray diffraction method.

Results:Using X-ray diffraction, we observed the increase of the crystalline phase volume fraction in rats with whole body vibration (WBV), and the decrease of the mineral component in I experimental group – rats with sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Besides, I experimental group showed a higher concentration of the parathyroid hormone in the serum and lower calcitonin levels. It is worth noting that the experimental animals with WBV showed a decrease in fat mass and the leptin concentration in blood serum.

Conclusions:The results indicate that obesity has a negative impact on mineral bone mass. Mechanical stimulation may serve as a promising alternative to medication therapy for osteopenia.