A study on the effects of pill card implementation on patient adherence and blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes at A PRIMARY health care center in Padang City

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the body’s inability to produce and use insulin efficiently, which can increase blood glucose levels. Patient treatment adherence plays a crucial role in managing this disease. This research aims to evaluate the effect of providing Pill Cards on adherence and blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study used a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design from February to March 2023, with a purposive sampling technique to select the sample. Patient adherence and changes in blood glucose levels were measured before and after administering the pill card. Adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 (MARS-5) and the Pill Count method. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to analyze patient adherence before and after the intervention, while the McNemar Test was used to analyze fasting blood glucose categories. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference in the adherence level of respondents after the provision of Pill Cards, both through the MARS-5 questionnaire and the Pill Count method (P<0.001). The analysis of fasting blood glucose levels also showed a significant difference after the Pill Card intervention (P<0.001). Pill Cards effectively improve medication adherence and fasting blood glucose control.