Evaluation of lipid accumulation product in relation to thyroid hormone levels in hypothyroid patients: a cardiovascular risk perspective

Pranathi Bollineni; Dhivya Senthilkumar; Leena Chand

Pranathi Bollineni Department of General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Dhivya Senthilkumar Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Leena Chand Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7152-2661

Keywords: hypothyroidism, lipid accumulation product, thyroid hormones, cardiovascular diseases, Healthcare (SDG 3)

Abstract

Hypothyroidism, a prevalent endocrine disorder leads to complications such as hypertension, bradycardia, dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risks. Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) index, which combines waist circumference (WC) and triglycerides (TG), has been under researched in context to hypothyroidism. This study aims to evaluate LAP levels across euthyroid, subclinical and overt hypothyroid individuals and analyze their correlation with Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to determine LAP’s effectiveness in predicting cardiovascular risk related to hypothyroidism. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Tertiary Care Centre, India. It involved 150 participants in three groups, 50 individuals in each (Euthyroid, subclinical and overt hypothyroid). Age, weight, thyroid parameters, TG, WC and LAP were assessed. The TG, WC and LAP values showed significant increase across all the three study groups (p<0.001). Highest LAP values found in overt hypothyroid patients while lowest found in euthyroid controls. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between LAP and TSH levels. Our study showed an association between LAP and TSH levels indicating hypothyroidism is associated with elevated lipid accumulation, reflecting early metabolic disturbances and increased cardiometabolic risk. LAP may serve as a practical screening tool for cardiovascular risks in hypothyroid patients.