Analysis of melatonin levels in the saliva of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep and circadian rhythms, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, influences the pathogenetic component of diabetes mellitus. This study includes 77 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated at the branch “Endocrine Health Center” of the State Clinical Hospital of the Lviv Regional Diagnostic Center during January to September 2024. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: 41 patients with a score >5, and 36 with a score <5. Melatonin levels were lower in a group of patients with poor sleep quality. Additionally, melatonin exhibits a moderate correlation with glycated hemoglobin. It is important to test melatonin levels before prescribing it to patients with diabetes to ensure individualized treatment.