Simultaneous effect of interval training and lipoic acid on adropin and vascular endothelial growth factor-C in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic male rats

Nazanin Saedi; Asra Askari; Abbas Nezhadebrahimi; Abdoljalal Marjani

Nazanin Saedi Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran
Asra Askari Department of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
Abbas Nezhadebrahimi Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Abdoljalal Marjani Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

Keywords: low interval training, high interval training, lipoic acid, adropin, vascular endothelial growth factor C, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious chronic metabolic disorder that has a significant impact on the health, quality, and life expectancy of patients as well as the health care system of communities. The study aimed to investigate the simultaneous effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), low-intensity interval training (LIIT), and lipoic acid (LA) on Adropin and vascular endothelial growth factor-c (VEGF-C) in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic male rats. Twenty-one three-week-old diabetic male Wistar rats in seven groups were included in this study. An intense interval training program with a VO2 max intensity (maximum oxygen consumption) of 85–90% and a low VO2 max intensity of 65–70% VO2 max was performed for six weeks. The LA supplement was administered orally once a day for 6 consecutive weeks at a dose of 20 mg/kg. At the end of the training period, the posterior skeletal muscle tissue of their legs was removed. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, Adropin and VEGF-C levels were measured. Our results showed that low-intensity interval training programs and high-intensity interval training programs alone and with LA supplementation significantly decreased and increased FBG and insulin, respectively (P<0.01). There was a significant increase in the levels of VEGF-C (P=0.001) and Adropin (P=0.001) compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.001). Performing interval exercises with low and high intensities, along with lipoic acid supplementation, played a significant role in increasing diabetes-modulating parameters.