Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Relationship with lifestyle and cardiometabolic biomarkers

Abstract

Bacround and Aims: The objective was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), its components and their relationship with lifestyle, and cardiometabolic biomarkers among women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Material and methods: One hundred and two women (30 ± 7 years) were enrolled for the study. Daily energy expenditure (DEE) was assessed by an adapted questionnaire and food intake by a “food frequency questionnaire”. We analysed glycemia, lipid profile and oxidative stress.  Results: Among 102 PCOS, 78 (76.4%) were diagnosed with MS. Components of MS included hypertension (56.9%), hyperglycemia (24.5%), hypertriglyceridemia (78.4%), abdominal obesity (94.1%), and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (34.3%). In PCOS women with MS compared to PCOS women without MS, DEE was decreased (p˂0.001) and total energy intake increased (p<0.001). A decrease in cooked fruits and vegetables intake (p˂0.001), wholes grains (p=0.002), and an increase in the intake of sweetened products and saturated fatty acids (p˂0.001. TBARS (p= 0.033) and carbonyls (p=0.019) were increased and superoxide dismutase activity (p<0.001) and thiols amounts (p=0.032) were decreased. Conclusions: The prevalence of MS was higher in women with PCOS, characterized by an unhealthy lifestyle and oxidative stress. To prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, Mediterranean diet and physical activity are the most appropriate support.